GardenAnnual Grain · 2 varieties
Buckwheat
Fagopyrum esculentum
Polygonaceae — the same plant family as rhubarb and sorrel. Relatives share pests and diseases, which is why rotation plans group by family.
Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is an annual grain. It wants full sun and pH 6–7.5 soil, with about 1 in of water weekly. It matures in about 70–90 days from sowing. Watch for tarnished plant bug and leaf spot. Below: its full sourced profile from 8 extension sources, plus a planting calendar timed to your frost dates.
Typical dates for zone 6b — set your zone or ZIP for yours. This calendar assumes the crop is direct sown. Timing is a guide from the crop's sourced growth stages; confirm with your local frost dates and extension before you sow.
What we will not put a number on
We do not give a feeding rate for this crop, and that is deliberate rather than a gap. The figures published by extension services are pounds of nitrogen per acre for a production field — they do not convert safely to a raised bed or a pot without knowing your soil test and your fertilizer's analysis, and guessing errs toward burning roots. It is also why every chart you find online disagrees with the next one.
We give watering as a depth per week rather than gallons per plant, because that is how it is actually measured and how the published figures are written. A gallons-per-plant number depends on your spacing, your soil and whether the plant is in a pot — so it would look more precise than it is.
Site & soil
- Sun
- Full sun
- Soil pH
- 6–7.5
- Soil texture
- Well drained, Sandy loam, Loam
- Frost tolerance
- Tender
No published figure for the temperature frost starts to hurt it and a heat limit. We looked — where a number is missing here it is missing from the research, not skipped. The crop’s frost and heat tolerance above still applies.
The plant
- Mature height
- 2–5 ft
- Mature spread
- 8–18 inest
- Growth rate
- Fastest
- Spacing in row
- 1–3 in
- Between rows
- 6–8 in
- Planting depth
- 0.5–1.5 in
- Support
- Self-supporting
- Grown from
- Direct sow
Water & feeding
- Water needs
- Moderate
- Water per week
- 1 in/wkest
- Critical water
- Germination, Floweringest
- Feeding
- Low
Timing & fruiting
- Days to maturity
- 70–90 days from seed
- Harvest cues
- First flowers, Lower leaf yellowing
- Killed in the ground at
- 32 °Fest
Planted again for autumn
- Sow by
- mid Aug typical · zone 6b
70 days to maturity from sowing, counted back from the first frost above. Not published for anywhere in particular: it is your own frost date and this crop's own figure, which is why it works wherever you are. A days-to-maturity figure is a catalog number for a good season rather than a promise, and a cold month moves it.
Edible parts per source: seed.
Compiled from the extensions cited below. Which ones actually show up depends on your region — your extension's local list is the last word.
Different parts differ — the edible part is the seed; the notes below flag other parts or preparations.
PeopleLow severity, Fagopyrin, Photosensitivity
Petsdogs, cats, horses
Recorded exactly as the source states it — not medical or veterinary advice. If a person or animal may have eaten a toxic part, call Poison Control (1-800-222-1222) or your vet / the ASPCA line (888-426-4435).
| Variety | Type | Habit | Days | What it is known for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Common | Common | Upright | 70 | Sustainable Agriculture Research & Education (SARE) records this asdraws bees and butterflies |
| Mancan | Named | 70–90 |
- Cornell University (Bjorkman Lab)
- Cornell University (Björkman Lab) — Cornell Cooperative Extension
- NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
- Ohio State University Extension (Ohioline)
- Sustainable Agriculture Research & Education (SARE)
- USDA NRCS (Natural Resources Conservation Service)
- University of Missouri Extension
- University of Wisconsin-Madison Corn Agronomy (Alternative Field Crops Manual; UW-Extension & Univ. of Minnesota)
We compile bare facts from these university-extension and horticultural sources, never copied prose. 14 of the 19 values on this page carry a citation. The rest are marked est; hover one and it says why — either nobody publishes a figure we could point at, or a person set it and attached no source. Figures vary with climate and seed source; confirm with your local extension before you buy.
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